COHERENT manpages
This page displays the COHERENT manpage for commands [Overview].
List of available manpages
Index
commands -- Overview The following lists the commands included with COHERENT. The command name is given on the left and a description on the right. CD-ROM Commands The following commands let you manipulate a CD-ROM device. cdplayer.......Play audio CDs cdv............Interface to CD-ROM devices cdview.........Read a file from a CD-ROM Communications The following commands let you exchange information with other users and other systems. ckermit........Interactive inter-system communication and file transfer cu.............UNIX-compatible interactive communications program mail...........Send/read electronic mail mesg...........Permit/deny messages from other users msg............Send a brief message to other users msgs...........Read messages intended for all COHERENT users uucico.........Connect to a remote system uucp...........Copy a file to or from a remote system wall...........Send a message to all logged in users write..........Converse with another user De-fragmentation Commands The following commands give you information about the degree of fragmentation shown by a file system's free list. They can also rebuild a file system, to de-fragment it and so greatly the speed with which you can read and write it. dpac...........De-fragment a COHERENT file system fmap...........Measure fragmentation of the free list qpac...........Map the file system spac...........Sort a file system upac...........De-fragment a file system without sorting Directory and File Handling The following commands let you create, remove, and otherwise manipulate files and directories. cat............Concatenate a file to the standard output cd.............Change directory chgrp..........Change the group owner of a file chmod..........Change the modes of a file chmog..........Change mode, ownership, and group of a file chown..........Change ownership of a file cmp............Compare bytes of two files compress.......Compress a file cp.............Copy a file cpdir..........Copy directory hierarchy dd.............Convert the contents of a file dos............Manipulate files on MS-DOS file systems doscat.........Concatenate a file on an MS-DOS file system doscp..........Copy files to/from an MS-DOS file system doscpdir.......Copy directories to/from an MS-DOS file system dosdir.........List the contents of an MS-DOS directory dosdel.........Delete a file from an MS-DOS file system dosformat......Build an MS-DOS file system on a floppy disk doslabel.......Label an MS-DOS floppy disk dosls..........List files on an MS-DOS file system dosmkdir.......Create a directory in an MS-DOS file system dosrm..........Remove a file from an MS-DOS file system dosrmdir.......Remove a directory from an MS-DOS file system fdisk..........View/change hard-disk partitioning file...........Name a file's type find...........Search for files satisfying a pattern gzip...........GNU utility to compress files gunzip.........GNU utility to uncompress files l..............List directory's contents in long format lc.............List directory's contents in columnar format lf.............List directory's contents in columnar format ln.............Create a link to a file lr.............List subdirectorys' contents in columnar format ls.............List directory's contents lx.............List directory's contents in columnar format mkdir..........Create a directory mv.............Rename files or directories mvdir..........Rename a directory pwd............Print the name of the current directory qfind..........Quickly find all files with a given name rm.............Remove files rmdir..........Remove directories touch..........Update modification time of a file uncompress.....Uncompress a file unpack.........GNU utility to uncompress files unzip..........Unzip a zipped archive whereis........Locate source, binary, and manual files which..........Locate executable files zcat...........Concatenate a compressed file zcmp...........Compare compressed files zforce.........Force the suffix .gz onto every gzip file znew...........Recompress .Z files to .gz files Editors COHERENT includes a number of text editors, to suit a variety of tastes. ed.............Interactive line editor elvis..........Berkeley-style screen editor emacs..........COHERENT screen editor ex.............Berkeley-style line editor me.............COHERENT screen editor sed............Stream editor vi.............Berkeley-style screen editor Games The following commands are just for fun. almanac........Print an almanac entry for this date banner.........Print large sized letters cal............Print a calendar chase..........Highly amusing video game fortune........Print randomly selected, hopefully humorous, text guess..........Extraordinarily amusing guessing game lines..........Highly amusing board game moo............Greatly amusing numeric guessing game rubik..........Play Rubik's cube ttt............Three-dimensional tic-tac-toe Kernel Tools The following commands let you configure the COHERENT kernel, and build a new bootable kernel: asypatch.......Patch a kernel file for an asynchronous configuration cohtune........Set a variable within a device driver idbld..........Reconfigure the COHERENT kernel idenable.......Enable or disable a device driver idmkcoh........Build a new kernel idtune.........Set a tunable system value patch..........Patch a variable or flag within the kernel Languages and Programming Tools The COHERENT system comes with a number of languages, and tools for debugging and maintaining your programs. as.............Mark Williams assembler asfix..........Convert file to 80386 as form awk............Report generation, pattern scanning, and processing language cc.............C-language compiler cdmp...........Dump COFF files into a readable form conv...........Numeric base converter cpp............C preprocessor db.............Assembly-level symbolic debugger ld.............Link relocatable object files lex............Lexical analyzer generator m4.............Macro processor make...........Program building discipline makedepend.....Generate list of dependencies for a makefile nm.............Print a program's symbol table od.............Print an octal dump of a file prof...........Print execution profile of a C program ref............Display a C function header srcpath........Find source files size...........Print size of an object file strip..........Strip symbol tables from executable file yacc...........Parser generator Libraries and Archives The following commands help you create and read libraries and archives. These can be used as libraries (such as the libraries used when linking a C program), or to back up files. ar.............The object librarian/archiver cpio...........Archiving/backup utility dump...........File-system backup utility dumpdate.......Print dump dates dumpdir........Print the directory of a dump gnucpio........Archiving/backup utility gtar...........Archiving/backup utility ranlib.........Create index for object library restor.........Restore file system tar............Archiving/backup utility Mail COHERENT comes with with a full-featured, UNIX-style mail facility based on the program smail. This is described in the overview article mail. The following commands perform mail-related work. Some are also listed in other sections of this article. Please note that the descriptions of smail and rmail are only for those users who wish to manipulate UUCP mailing on a low level; for most users, the descriptions under the command mail are more than sufficient. checkerr.......Check the mail system for errors cvmail.........Convert stored mail to System V format getmap.........De-archive Usenet map articles lmail..........Deliver local mail mail...........Send/read electronic mail mailq..........Display information about spooled mail mkdbm..........Build a data base for smail mkfnames.......Generate data base of user names mkhpath........Build a pathalias data base from a hosts table mkline.........Fold mail data into one-line records mkpath.........Create a pathalias output file mksort.........Sort the standard input, allowing arbitrarily long lines newaliases.....Build the aliases data base from ASCII source nptx...........Generate permutations of users' full names pathalias......Generate a set of paths among computers" pathmerge......Merge sorted paths files rmail..........Receive mail rsmtp..........Run batched SMTP mail runq...........Periodically process the mail queue savelog........Save a mail log smail..........Send mail smtpd..........SMTP daemon For information on the configuration files used by the smail system, see the overview article mail, or the article Administering COHERENT. Printing The following commands help you print text. For commands that drive communications devices, e.g., modems, see the section on Communications, above. cancel.........Cancel a print job chreq..........Change priory, lifetime, or printer for a job epson..........Prepare a file for an Epson printer fnkey..........Set/print function keys for the console hp.............Prepare files for HP LaserJet-compatible printer hpr............Send to LaserJet printer spooler hpskip.........Abort/restart current listing on LaserJet lp.............Spool a job for printing lpadmin........Administer the lp print-spooler system lpsched........Print jobs spooled with command lp lpshut.........Turn off the printer daemon lpr............Send to line printer spooler lpskip.........Terminate/restart current line printer listing lpstat.........Give status of printer or job pclfont........Prepare a PCL font for downloading via MLP reprint........Reprint a spooled print job route..........Show or reset a user's default printer stty...........Set/print terminal modes Shell Commands COHERENT comes with two command interpreters, or shells: ksh, the Korn shell, and sh, the Bourne shell. The following commands are used either by the Korn shell, by the Bourne shell, or by both. Please note that commands used only by the Korn shell are marked by a dagger `+', whereas commands used only by the Bourne shell are marked by an asterisk `*'. alias+.........Set an alias basename.......Strip path information from a file name bind+..........Bind key sequence to editing command break..........Exit from shell construct builtin+.......Execute a command as a built-in command case...........Execute commands conditionally according to pattern cd.............Change directory continue.......Terminate current iteration of shell construct dirname........Extract a directory name dirs*..........Print contents of directory stack echo...........Repeat an argument eval...........Evaluate arguments exec...........Execute command directly exit...........Exit from a shell export.........Add a shell variable to the environment expr...........Compute a command line expression false..........Unconditional failure fc+............Edit and re-execute one or more previous commands for............Execute commands for tokens in list from...........Generate list of numbers, for use in loop getopts........Parse command-line options hash+..........Add a command to the shell's hash table id.............Print user and group IDs and names if.............Execute a command conditionally jobs+..........Print information about jobs let............Evaluate an expression nohup..........Run a command while ignoring hangup signals popd*..........Pop an item from the directory stack prep...........Produce a word list print+.........Echo text onto the standard output pushd*.........Push an item onto the directory stack read...........Assign values to shell variables readonly.......Mark a shell variable as read only set............Set shell option flags and positional parameters shift..........Shift positional parameters sleep..........Stop executing for a specified time tee............Copy input to multiple output streams test...........Evaluate conditional expression times..........Print total user and system times trap...........Execute command on receipt of signal true...........Unconditional success typeset+.......Set/list variables and their attributes umask..........Set the file-creation mask unalias+.......Remove an alias unset..........Unset an environmental variable or shell function until..........Execute commands repeatedly wait...........Await completion of background process whence+........List a command's type while..........Execute commands repeatedly xargs..........Execute a command with many arguments String Processing Some of the most useful commands are those that process strings. COHERENT has many commands that search for strings, manipulate strings, sort strings, and otherwise perform useful manipulations on strings. c..............Print multi-column output cgrep..........Pattern search for C programs comm...........Print common lines cut............Select portions of each line of a file detab..........Replace tab characters with spaces diff...........Summarize differences between two files diff3..........Summarize differences among three files egrep..........Extended pattern search grep...........Pattern search head...........Print the beginning of a file join...........Join two data bases look...........Find matching lines in a sorted file more...........Display text one screenful at a time paste..........Merge lines of files rev............Print text backwards scat...........Print text files one screenful at a time sort...........Sort lines of text split..........Split a text file into smaller files strings........Print all character strings from a file tail...........Print the end of a file tr.............Translate characters tsort..........Topological sort uniq...........Remove/count repeated lines in a sorted file view...........Berkeley-style text viewer wc.............Count words, lines, and characters in text files zdiff..........Compare two compressed files zgrep..........Search compressed files for a regular expression zmore..........Display compressed text one page at a time System Accounting The following commands help you to keep track of how your COHERENT system is working. ac.............Summarize login accounting information accton.........Enable/disable process accounting df.............Measure free space on disk du.............Summarize disk usage hmon...........Monitor the COHERENT System ps.............Print process status sa.............Print a summary of process accounting quot...........Summarize file-system usage time...........Time the execution of a command times..........Print total user and system times uulog..........Examine UUCP operations System Maintenance These commands help you to maintain your COHERENT system. asymkdev.......Create nodes for asynchronous devices at.............Execute commands at given time bad............Maintain list of bad blocks badscan........Examine a device for bad blocks build..........Install COHERENT onto a hard disk check..........Check file system clri...........Clear i-node crontab........Copy a command file into the crontab directory date...........Print/set the date and time dcheck.........Check directory consistency fdformat.......Low-level format a floppy disk fsck...........Check and repair file systems interactively icheck.........i-node consistency check mkfs...........Make a new file system mknod..........Make a special file or named pipe mount..........Mount a file system ncheck.........Print file names corresponding to i-node newgrp.........Change to a new group newusr.........Add new user to COHERENT system reboot.........Reboot the COHERENT system shutdown.......Shut down the COHERENT system sync...........Flush system buffers ttytype........Set default terminal types umount.........Unmount a file system uuchk..........Sanity-check the UUCP system terminfo COHERENT supports an implementation of terminfo, the terminal-description utility used under UNIX System V. (It also supports termcap, should you prefer to use that venerable, but still useful, system.) The following commands help support terminfo: captoinfo......Convert termcap data to terminfo form infocmp........De-compile a terminfo binary file tic............Compile a terminfo description Text Processors These commands help you to create orderly, attractive printed text. For information on how to print the output of these commands, see the commands listed under Device Handling, above. col............Remove reverse and half line motions deroff.........Remove text formatting control information nroff..........Text-formatting language fmt............Adjust the length of lines in a file of text fwtable........Build a font-width table from PCL or PostScript font lcasep.........Convert text to lower case pr.............Paginate and print files prps...........Paginate and print files on PostScript printers PSfont.........Cook an Adobe font into PostScript format spell..........Find spelling errors troff..........Extended text-formatting language typo...........Detect possible typographical and spelling errors UUCP The UUCP commands lets you form a network with other COHERENT or UNIX systems. Members of the network can grant each other permission to exchange mail and execute commands on each others' systems remotely and automatically, without having to be directed by a human being. The overview article UUCP describes the COHERENT UUCP facility in some detail. The following commands perform UUCP-related work; note that some of the commands listed here also are also listed in other sections of this article. mwcbbs.........Download files from the Mark Williams bulletin board uuchk..........Sanity-check the UUCP system uucico.........Connect to a remote system uuconv.........Convert UUCP configuration files into Taylor format uucp...........Copy a file to or from a remote system uudecode.......Decode a transmitted UUCP file uuencode.......Encode a UUCP file for tranmission uuinstall......Configure UUCP control files uumkdir........Create UUCP directories uulog..........Examine UUCP operations uumvlog........Archive UUCP log files uuname.........Print names of recognized systems uupick.........Pick up a file uploaded from a remote system uurmlock.......Remove UUCP lock files uusched........Call all systems that have jobs waiting for them uuto...........Send a file to a remote system uutouch........Force polling of a remote site uux............Execute a command on a remote system uuxqt..........Execute file as requested by remote system Miscellaneous The following commands do not fit neatly into any of the above categories. These include some of the more interesting and useful COHERENT commands, and are worth your attention. apropos........Find manual pages on a given topic ATclock........Read/set the AT realtime clock bc.............Interactive calculator with arbitrary precision calendar.......Electronic reminder service chroot.........Change root directory clear..........Clear your terminal's screen coh_intro......Tour the COHERENT file system crypt..........Encrypt/decrypt text dc.............Desk calculator disable........Disable a port elvprsv........Preserve the modified version of a file after a crash elvrec.........Recover the modified version of a file after a crash enable.........Enable a port env............Execute a command in an environment factor.........Factor a number findmouse......Examine a port to see if a mouse is plugged into it ftbad..........Manipulate bad-block list on a floppy-tape cartridge help...........Print concise description of command ideinfo........Display information about an IDE disk drive install........Install a software update onto COHERENT ipcrm..........Remove an interprocess-communication memory item ipcs...........Display a snapshot of interprocess communications kill...........Signal a process ksh............Invoke the Korn shell login..........Log in or change user name makeboot.......Make a bootable floppy disk man............Display Lexicon entries mklost+found...Make an enlarged lost+found directory passwd.........Set/change login password phone..........Print numbers and addresses from phone directory script.........Capture a terminal session into a file sh.............Invoke the Bourne shell su.............Substitute user id, become superuser sum............Print checksum of a file tape...........Manipulate a tape device tty............Print the user's terminal name ttystat........Get terminal status uname..........Print information about the system units..........Convert units of measure vsh............Invoke the COHERENT visual shell who............Print who is logged in yes............Print infinitely many responses For more information on any of these commands, see its entry within the Lexicon. See Also Administering COHERENT, Programming COHERENT, Using COHERENT